The Future of Healthcare Information Systems Coursework

The Future of Healthcare Information Systems - Coursework Example A portion of the necessary abilities incorporate the web and PC innovation. Also, they need the administrative and hierarchical initiative and capabilities required for the adjustments in the operational jobs and strategies. It had gotten essential to grasp the utilitarian capacities of innovations that are related with e-wellbeing, wellbeing records, and furthermore telecare (Bashshur, 2013). In normalization the mechanization procedure and administrations won't be achievable without information measures that empowers correspondence through the web situated projects and dialects. A portion of the center constraint in setting up the norms concern the inadequate meaning of expectations. The wellbeing division will flop in deciding the goal and the functionalities that are wanted for the wellbeing application and their contentions to characterize the base arrangements of information for clinical and operational administration of e-wellbeing. The executions and standard improvement is a moderate procedure and will in general need a ton of administrative activities (Bashshur,

The Concept Of Emptiness Philosophy Essay

The Concept Of Emptiness Philosophy Essay Nagarjunas reasoning arrangements with the idea of vacancy. The possibility of vacancy has to do with the void of something, however what is being portrayed as being unfilled despite everything exists in some degree (Westerhoff). The void that Nagarjuna discusses manages the character and quintessence of a thing, and rather manages the substance of which something is vacant (Westerhoff). This paper will clarify what void is, and will clarify how the experiential truth of non-self fills in as a paradigmatic wonders for the Buddhist knowledge of vacancy. So as to appropriately comprehend the idea of void, one must comprehend the contrasts between the implications of something, or svabhava. To comprehend what vacancy is, one must comprehend what something is. There is a differentiation between two fundamental ideas of svabhava (Westerhoff). The first is an ontological one that alludes to how articles exist, and the second is a subjective one that portrays how items are conceptualized by people which will be clarified later in this paper. Inside the ontological qualification there are three unique understandings of svabhava which manage embodiment, substance, and supreme reality (Westerhoff). On the off chance that svabhava is comprehended as a pith, at that point it must be comprehended as a fundamental property or trademark that is essentially ascribed to an item that would somehow or another stop to be (Westerhoff). Think about the instances of fire and water. The svabhava or embodiment of fire is to be hot. On the off chance that the fire stops to be hot, at that point it is do not fire anymore. Likewise, the svabhava of water is to be wet, and in that capacity if the water were not, at this point wet, it would never again be water. Given this comprehension of svabhava, it would then be able to be recognized as whatever quality or characteristics that exist explicit to an item that are unchanging from that article, and which permit an onlooker to recognize that object from others (Westerhoff). This idea of svabhav a as a substance isn't what the idea of void arrangements with. Realizing that this thought of svabhava isn't material to the idea of vacancy assists with portraying what void really is at one time the elective perspective on svabhava is investigated (Westerhoff). In Buddhist philosophical idea there is an away from between the thoughts of essential existents and auxiliary existents (Westerhoff). The fundamental, final pieces of the world that are essentially objective are what are being portrayed as an essential existent. Then again, an optional existent depends on calculated practices and regularly manage language and portrayal (Westerhoff). Inside Buddhism, there exists that the main thing that is in reality genuine is the second wherein the cognizance conceptualizes a thing, and the totals of that conceptualization are simply develops of the brain (Westerhoff). If one somehow managed to receive this view, at that point whatever were not a snapshot of cognizance would need to be an optional existent, and just those snapshots of awareness would be viewed as an essential existent (Westerhoff). Its this thought of essential existent that depicts svabhava. In this view, Svabhava would be any articles, or substances, that are a piece of the worl d which really exist, and are free of something different Be that as it may, Nagarjuna contends that there are no such items or substances. The fundamental objective of Nagarjunas see is that the comprehension of svabhava as an essential existent or substance is wrong (Westerhoff). Its the motivation behind why he expresses that An individual ought to be referenced as existing just in an assignment (i.e., customarily there is a being), however not truly (or substance) (Rahula). The elective perspective on svabhava then would be the ontological comprehension of something, which can be comprehended as being unchangeable and autonomous of another article and not being made by any causal procedure (Westerhoff). The difficult that gets obvious here is that the genuine idea of marvels is vacancy, which is the nonattendance of svabhava as it is comprehended as substance. In any case, when svabhava is comprehended along these lines, it is additionally comprehended to not be achieved by any causal procedure, and must be unchangeable and autonomous o f different items (Westerhoff). So it adequately separates into the possibility that something that has every one of these properties must exist since there is svabhava which is the genuine idea of marvels, and yet it must not exist since svabhava comprehended as substance doesn't exist. It appears that vacancy just exists as long as svabhava is comprehended as substance, however void doesn't rely upon a particular wonder to exist (Westerhoff). Be that as it may, there must be some wonder erroneously imagined for vacancy to exist. Successfully this is stating that there truly are just two different ways of comprehension svabhava , which are understanding svabhava as quintessence and as substance. What was before called svabhava as outright the truth is just a particular type of svabhava that is comprehended as quintessence (Westerhoff). Thus, alluding back to the model given before, void is a fundamental nature of all wonders similarly as warmth is a basic nature of fire. Things cou ldn't be the things they are without being vacant. The exact opposite thing that must be comprehended is the subjective comprehension of svabhava. For Nagarjuna, the comprehension of presence and non-presence is comprehended to be the exit from torment and into moksha, or freedom (Westerhoff). It isn't only the increasing a subjective thought and comprehension of the real world, it should likewise uncover knowledge into the manner by which individuals ought to cooperate on the planet. Understanding svabhava as substance prompts enduring in light of the fact that it is the reason for connection inside samsara (Westerhoff). The citation from Nagarjuna in The Precious Garland assists with painting this image all the more unmistakably; So the creation and breaking down of the figment like world are seen, yet the creation and crumbling don't conclusively exist. At the point when the perspective on svabhava as substance is relinquished, at that point the connections to samsara and the sufferings that are joined by this view are pulverized. In any case, in light of the fact that svabhava is the view that substance doesn't exist, at that point the connections and sufferings that are demolished can be acknowledged to never have existed in any case. The design is to recognize seeing a nonappearance of svabhava or rather observing vacancy as opposed to understanding that svabhava exists due to void (Westerhoff). It is proposed to change ones point of view of the world totally, with the end goal that they can discover freedom from samsara, and thus, from affliction. Westerhoff, Jan Christoph, Nã„⠁gã„⠁rjuna, The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Fall 2010 Edition), Edward N. Zaltaâ (ed.), http://plato.stanford.edu/chronicles/fall2010/passages/nagarjuna/ Rahula, Walpole, What the Buddha Taught (New York: Grove Press, 1974), p. 55; note that the Sanskrit expressions have not been remembered for the statement. Nagarjuna, The Precious Garland (www.ratnavaili.com/content/see/7327/45/), p. 16, Ch. 2, Verse No.111

Dorothy Parker Essay

Dorothy Parker was an uncommon lady. Remarkable in her compositions and exceptional in what she accomplished with her works. Her books of sonnets and her short stories were blockbusters and her segments in The New Yorker were incredibly famous. She was one of the main ladies and a focal figure of the Algonquin Hotel Round Table, where all the extraordinary abstract masters of her time would have their lunch. Paper journalists qouted her and two Broadway plays were expounded on her. Briefly,she was one of the most discussed lady of her time. Is striking that her distinction originated from her compositions. So much distinction for a woman’s works is strange these days yet given aside access her time. Furthermore that she was not a minor essayist but rather her scholarly yield at long last was very little: two volumes of short stories and three of verse. The most recent decade of the nineteenth century and the initial two many years of the twentieth was a period of enormous scope political developments and social changes among ladies. Another age of ladies scholars rose with Dorothy Parker as their most renowned one. More oppurtunities for scholars existed before the strength of radio film and TV. The papers and magazines prospered and just the region of New York City alone distributed 25 day by day papers. The â€Å"New Women† as they were marked were stressed with winning women’s rights: the vote, instruction, financial opportunity, acces to a vocation and an open voice. These ladies were instructed and dynamic and needed a break with the traditionalist past. Ladies authors of the time didn't see wedding and having kids as their definitive objective throughout everyday life. They dismissed the customary women’s circle and asserted a the domain of expressions that had been a finished male region previously. Many dreaded to be thought of as â€Å"women writers†. Dorothy Parker said that her most intense petition had been â€Å"Please, God, don’t let me compose like a woman†. Parker’s works then again were generally restricted to ladies and to what is critical to them. What made Parker so succesfull? What made that time want her compositions? So as to comprehend Parker’s succes we have to see her works with regards to the time they were composed. Dorothy Parker was conceived in 1893. The most striking proof of progress of the job of ladies in the public arena around then was simply the rise of the school taught and self supporting new lady. By 1870 there were eleven thousand ladies understudies took a crack at advanced education (21 procent everything being equal) and after 10 years there were forty thousand ladies understudies tried out advanced education (32 procent all things considered). After they graduated they needed to pick between a customary job of home life and youthful marriage or a vocation of paid work. On August 26, 1920 ladies authoritatively acquire the option to cast a ballot by the nineteenth Amendment. In spite of the fact that ladies didn't turn into a solid political power directly after that the Amendment increased the intensity of ladies to impact change. Another significant part of the prog ressions in women’s postion in the public arena these years was the main universal war. In spite of the fact that the United States partook in the war for a generally brief timeframe and peopled not so much have an idea about what was happening in Europe the war changed American culture essentially. In excess of 4,000,000 American men were assembled and sent off to Europe. One of the results of this was ladies entered the workforce in expanding numbers. Working not in just employments that were particulary ladylike occupations like nursing yet additionally in workplaces and production lines, in stores and administrative organizations and the sky is the limit from there. Ladies wound up working in beforehand male-overwhelmed fields and they were winning higher wages than previously. These progressions gave ladies another idea of indepedence and fearlessness. In 1920 23.6% of the workforce was female with 8.6 million females, ages 15 and up, working outside the home. In 1920, without precedent for American history more individuals (54.3 million) live in urban areas than r ustic zones (51.4). As individuals became to move into the urban areas their ways of life changed. Urban communities have more exercises like heading off to the theater and dance club. Ladies in the urban areas were bound to work in cafés or workplaces and different areas that removed them from home. Every one of these variables together made a domain of opportunity that ladies had never found previously. One of the most visble results of this opportunity was the rise of the Flapper young lady. The breakdown of the Victorian sexual standards was a progressive procedure however slowely the American culture was prepared for more up to date thoughts regarding sexual standards. The youthful common laborers lady had been known for her ostentatious dresses and love of nightlife and moving. .They were moderately financially self-ruling and liberated either by work or school from extreme familial oversight, and started to locate an increasingly individualistic culture for themselves. Women’s appearance changed to a slim and littler outline not, at this point limited by slips and corsets.When the war started ladies began to support increasingly down to earth, shirtw aist-style dresses. These dresses gave more opportunity of development and a more prominent presentation of skin. First they crawled up to calf length at that point up to knee length. Flappers didn’t show their feminime bends, trim their hair short and wore dull eyeshadow. As the United States was turning out to be increasingly urban, mechanical creation expanded by 60 percent during this decade while populace development was 15%. Large scale manufacturing requires mass utilization. Promoting turned out to be increasingly significant enticing individuals to buy the most popular trends and freshest vehicles and burn through cash on clubs and eateries in the urban areas. For ladies this modern creation implied that they were more likey to have vacuum cleaners, clothes washers, refrigarators and other family apparatuses that helped their family work. This expanded their relaxation time. Ads focused on ladies in the 1920’s. Ladies appeared to have more monetary influence than previously and appeared to be responsible for the family units cash. Anyway these ads despite everything reflected customary thinking about the women’s job in the public eye. These promotions focused on home life and satisfying men over any message of freedom. Dorothy Parker was conceived at the very beginning of this time of the â€Å"modern woman†. While people were currently equivalent under the law, victimization ladies despite everything persevered. All through the 1920’s and 1930’s ladies were all the while battling against limitations. For instance, in a few states ladies were denied to serve on juries till 1940. The financial advances for ladies, as well, were insignificant. There was as yet a solid sexual division of work. Discrimiantion in family obligations, training, pay rates and advancements stayed abundant. During the downturn ladies lost the increases made in the profession world during the 1920s. Also, a restored accentuation on the lady at home squashed the as of late picked up seeks after uniformity. Increasingly more a stereoype rose that ladies during the 1920s were explicitly dynamic (the Flapper) however politically detached. Parker’s work focuses a sharp finger at that generalization and resists is. She definitely brings up the progressing battles for ladies to break free. Parker started her expert life in 1915 when she went to function as an inscription author for Vogue at a compensation of ten dollar seven days. By 1917 she moved to Vanity Fair and worked for editorial manager Frank Crowninshield until 1920. From 1919 to 1923 Parker composed sonnets, representations, expositions and columnd for more than thirty-five distinctive abstract diaries and magazines. Parker’s first sonnet â€Å"Any porch† pubished in Vanity Fair in september 1915 presents nine diverse female voices who talk about different points as the decision in favor of ladies, a round of scaffold, someones new hair style and the war in France. In 1916 she composed a progression of â€Å"hate songs†, satiric depictions of married couples, entertainers and on-screen characters, relatvies, etc. These â€Å"hate songs† made Parker extremely famous. She before long started to assemble a notoriety for being an advanced youthful essayist with a clever message. In 1926 her first assortment of sonnets was distributed. Parker before long played a particular voice calling for equity and social autonomy for ladies. This unmistakable voice calling for uniformity and social autonomy for ladies was not out there in a manner the women's activist developments of that period were calling for it. This voice was covered up between the lines of her sonnets and stories. â€Å"The Waltz† was distributed in The New Yorker in september 1933. The story mirrors the contemplations and discussion of a young lady who is moving a three step dance with a man who moves gravely. He steps al over her feet and kicks her in the shin from time to time. She continues saying that she’s not worn out, that it didn’t hurt when he kicked her and when she moves beyond all inclination, the ensemble at long last halts. At the point when it does, she discloses to him that she wishes he’d advise them to play something very similar. She said that she would basically worship to continue dancing despite the fact that she abhors it. The two voices in this short story mirror the differentiation between a cou rteous open voice and a clever and irate private voice. These two voices mirror an intelligible proclamation of the woman’s outward congruity and internal resistance. Thusly the two voices in â€Å"The Waltz† are figurative for the woman’s feebleness. Directly from the beginning of the story unmistakably the lady wouldn't like to hit the dance floor with this man. She wouldn't like to move at everything except certainly not with this man. Yet at the same time she gets up and hits the dance floor with him. Parker is attempting to bring up that there isn't that numerous young ladies out there who state what they think. There isn't generally an option for the lady in this story, how might she be impolite? She can’t

Applying The Woman Question The Case Of An African...

APPLYING â€Å"THE WOMAN QUESTION† TO ENVIRONMENTAL LAWS: THE CASE OF AN AFRICAN NIGERIAN WOMAN (Short Presentation and Summary)  ¬Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ ¬BY: UCHENNA IJOMA This brief paper examines my application of the feminist research methodology to my future research. My research topic is centred on what role law has to play to balance the interest between the environmental hazards affecting the Climate and satisfying the basic energy need of poor women living in the rural area of Nigeria who depends solely on the crudest form of Biomass â€Å"Firewood, charcoal, animal dung and agricultural by-products† for the purposes of domestic and commercial cooking activities and, which continuous use amounts to deforestation, desertification.† In this context, SD means improving the quality of life of human beings (includes women) and the community in which they live in for as long as the world exist. In view of these definitions, the aims of this paper are to: reveal how best the feminist approach can be applied to my above research, consider the pros and cons of applying the said methodology to my proposed area of research and its possibili ty of affecting my originally intended methodology. The feminist theory began out of a general movement to empower all women. In 1960, the modern contemporary feminist movement began. According to Steven Vago and Addie Nelson in their book Law and Society† they considered the three â€Å"themes† although not â€Å"mutually exclusive† this themes may be reflected inShow MoreRelatedThe Current State Of Sharia Law2741 Words   |  11 Pagesthat can possibly regress Africa of its much needed development in socio-ethnic terms, and economic development terms. 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Ford and Taylor Scientific Management-Free-Samples for Students

Questions: 1.Would workers in Australia, America or Europe accept the Taylorism in this form today? 2.Consider the design of scripts for use in Call Centres, can you see Taylorism in that? Explain. 3.What would be some of the key drawbacks or risks of living in the flat world of Globalisation 3.0 as Friedman describes it? 4.Do you agree with Friedmans iron rule of the flat world? Explain. 5.Is the level of globalisation uniform across the world? Explain. 6.Has your view on globalisation changed after listening to Professor Ghemawat? Explain. 7.Consider where you have seen the fears that people have about globalisation. Do you think these fears may subside with some data points that may suggest otherwise? Answers: Introduction Ford and Taylorism was critical in improving the production cycle during the turn of the century. Based on the concept of time and motion, it seeks to improve efficiency and speed. It is still applicable today in breaking tasks into smaller ones that are done on repetition. It has practical application at the personal space and at the workplace such as the induction process. Globalization according to Thomas Friedman occurred in three phases driven by the country, company and ending with the individual. The iron rule for living in this flat world as postulated by Friedman is to do it before it is done to you. His premise presents a world that calls for collaboration, connections and at times competition globally. This world calls for taking risks and developing a global mindset. Professor Ghemawat on the other hand posits that the world is not flat or globalized as we currently assume. The lack of accurate data on trade, immigration and investments on the global scale leads to wrong assumptions. This wrong position on globalization is what he refers to globaloney and is the basis on fears presented regarding foreign aid and immigration. Accurate presentation of globalization is helpful in contributing to global welfare Table of Contents MOG.. 4 E-Learning activities. 4 Week 1- Activity 1- Ford and Taylorism.. 4 Question one- 4 Question two. 4 Question three. 4 Week 2- Activity 1- Thomas Friedman on Globalization; 3 Eras of Globalization; World is flat 5 Question two. 5 Question three. 5 Week 2- Activity 2- Pankaj Ghemawat on Globalization. 6 Question one. 6 Question two. 6 Conclusion. 7 References. 8 MOG E-Learning activities 1.Workers in Europe, America and Australia would not accept Taylorism in this form due to two reasons. The first is the minimum legislative requirements that protect the worker while the second is the right to union representation. The government regulates employers with regards to employers on job security as a social policy and measure on growth of the economy. Union representation ensures bargaining power with respect to work conditions and wage increases. 2.The scripts used in call centers reflects the key concepts of Taylorism in that the autonomy of human agents is reduced or eliminated. This is within the concept of time and motion that view workers as systemic soldiers. The script is intended to reduce low productivity and seeks to manipulate the call agents to maximum productivity. The script reduces the agents to automatons in repetitively doing the same scripted task. (Hingst 2006).The scripts are uniform and are designed to reduce the average time taken to handle customer queries. This is intended to reduce cost at the call center and improve speed and efficiency.There are two assumptions of Taylorism which are still relevant: efficiency and speed. Efficiency is improved by repetition which in turn improves speed. This is achieved by breaking down tasks into smaller sub-tasks which do not need specialization, creating a pattern at the professional and personal space. The pattern developed is helpful in learning and reinforcing the learned behavior for daily activities with minimum exertion. An example is the induction process for a new employee which needs to be quick, efficient and cost effective for most organizations. 3.The flat world presents risks as it requires individuals to globalize. It requires collaboration, connections and competition on the global scale (Friedman 2008). This presents challenges of not only competing locally and regionally but now on the global scale. Individuals are then forced to think out of the box and think globally while acting locally. New skills set in the market place such as learning new languages and cultural competence may be required. It calls for additional learning as an individual in order to adapt the new global thinking mind set. 4.According to Friedman, the iron rule of the flat world is that whatever can be done will be done. Friedman (2008), states that it will either be done by you or to you. The risk of living in this world is that procrastination is dangerous and can have disastrous outcomes. The small tiny world that is flat presents opportunities for risk takers who are willing to do things in the now or lose the opportunity when someone else does it. It becomes a world defined by risk takers who are willing to step out of their comfort zone so that they become doers before other people take their position. 5. The level of globalization is not uniform due to two important reasons. The first is that globalization driven by companies will differ based on the country of origin (Friedman 2008). Countries with more multinational companies will have greater impact on globalization. The second reason is that globalization driven at the individual level will differ depending on the education level and economic empowerment. Ha (2012), states that persons from poor countries with high levels of illiteracy will have lower levels of globalization than those from rich countries with high literacy levels. 6.After listening to Professor Ghemawat, I have come to a new conclusion concerning globalization. We are actually less globalized than the existing literature and data that is currently available. The figures we are currently presented with in terms of trade and immigration are often inflated and distort the true reality on globalization. Current official data on trade, investment and immigration is often counted multiple times (Ghemawat 2012). The figures presented by Ghemawat show that the world is less globalized and flat. The true figures present the opportunity for more gains on globalization in the future and are helpful in debunking wrong assumptions on immigration and foreign aid given to poor countries. 7.The two main fears are in relation to immigration and foreign aid as a percentage of the GDP. An example is France where the assumption of immigrants as a percentage of the population is overstated. The true figure is 8% while the wrong assumption is 24% (Ghemawat 2012). This variance has the potential of inciting biases based on religion and race. The assumed large immigrant population could also become the scapegoat for all the social ills and failures and becomes a point of political manipulation (Power, Barnes Barnes-Holmes 2017). The true facts may help in reversing this wrong postulations and increase greater acceptance of immigrants. The second fear is on the amount of foreign aid given to less developed countries. The current assumption by Americans on the foreign aid as a percentage of the federal budget is 30% while the true figure is 1% (Ghemawat 2012). The true figure is helpful in changing the bias most people may have against more allocation of resources to aid poor countries. Poor countries may benefit from more aid meant to assist them develop their economies (Mosley 2015). This may help to achieve the objectives set out at the Rio Summit which was twenty year ago (Ghemawat 2012). The accurate position on globalization is therefore helpful in contributing to global welfare. Conclusion The concepts presented by Taylor on production may still have practical use today in terms of improving efficiency and speed. An example is in the induction process which needs to be quick, efficient and cost effective. Globalization according to Friedman has moved in three phases and his iron rule about the flat world calls for taking risk in order to become relevant and competitive. Ghemawat presents a contrary opinion and states that the world is not as globalized as is generally assumed based on presenting correct facts and figures. References Ford and Taylor Scientific Management, 2008, Ford and Taylorism, viewed 23 August 2017, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8PdmNbqtDdI Friedman, T, 2008, Thomas Friedmans three eras of globalization, viewed 23 August 2017, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lp4znWHvsjU Friedman, T, 2008, What Thomas Friedman means when he says The World is flat, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oM2BguxRSyY Ghemawat, P, 2012, Actually the world isnt flat, viewed 23 August 2017, https://www.ted.com/talks/pankaj_ghemawat_actually_the_world_isn_t_flat/details Ha, E, 2012, 'Globalization, Government Ideology, and Income Inequality in Developing Countries', Journal of Politics, vol. 74, no. 2, pp. 541-557. Available from: 10.1017/S0022381611001757. [23 August 2017]. Hingst, R, 2006, Perceptions of life in call centers. Journal of Management Practice, volume 7 (issue 1): pp.1-9 Mosley, P 2015, Foreign Aid : Its Defense and Reform, The University Press of Kentucky, Lexington. Power, P, Harte, C, Barnes-Holmes, D, Barnes-Holmes, Y 2017, 'Exploring Racial Bias in a European Country with a Recent History of Immigration of Black Africans', Psychological Record, vol. 67, no. 3, pp. 365-375. Available from: 10.1007/s40732-017-0223-6. [23 August

The Effect of Drug X on Self

Introduction Anxiety forms part of an individual’s body mechanisms in which it communicates that something or an act is wrong and hence, there is need to undertake corrective measures (Aleksovski, 2009). This sign has been categorised as one of the essential human survival tactics as it ensures individual wellbeing. An anxious individual can describe the act as jittery, nervous, jumpy, confusion, and nervous, among other feelings.Advertising We will write a custom proposal sample on The Effect of Drug X on Self-Reports of Anxiety in a Sample of Undergraduate Psychology Majors specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More On the other hand, stress is a behavioral mechanism that occurs to the human body as a result of the change in either internal or external environment of the individual (Aleksovski, 2009). A student who is preparing for examination can be subjected to stress. Drugs have been developed with the aim of suppressing an indi vidual’s level of stress thus reducing anxiety levels among patients or students (Putwain, 2005). The purpose of this research is to investigate the effects of a new drug on perceptions of anxiety in order to reduce feelings of stress and anxiety in college students during scheduled exams. There are a number of past studies that have been carried out by psychologists in a view to study stress, anxiety, their relations, major causes, and how they can be prevented. In a study carried by Dr. Susannah Murphy, a neuroscientist in the University of Oxford found out that there is a closer relationship between antidepressants and anxiety (Nauert, 2010). The study also revealed that the use of antidepressants had an immediate effect on the neurotransmitters in the brain. However, it was concluded that some drugs responded faster than others in the reduction of anxiety among human beings. Studies that have been carried on animals (mice) which have artificially been induced to stress an d then given the antidepressants drugs have shown that the drugs reduce stress (Ito, Nagai, Oikawa, Yamada Hanawa, 2011). Students waiting for exams are induced to artificial stress and as a result, they are prone to anxiety. This conclusion can be made based on past studies in order to support the current research paper. The emotional wellbeing of students plays a great role in ensuring that students do well in their school tests and examinations. On the other hand, stress is believed to cause perceived anxiety among school children which is an emotional feeling (Putwain, 2005). Research studies have been carried to determine the drugs that are often used suppress stress as a step towards the reduction of stress anxiety on students.Advertising Looking for proposal on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More It is important to note that prolonged stress can cause clinical depressions among students (National Institute of M ental Health n. d.). This results from pressure to pass exams and from parents and teachers who also expect better grades from their children and students, respectively. Students can go for a very long time without ever knowing that they are stressed out. The research study hypothesis is that that experimental drug X will produce an increase in the perceived anxiety on students. The dependant variable which is the experiment research outcome is the behavioral effect that the experimental drug produces when injected on the students. On the other hand, the independent variable of the hypothesis is the experimental drug X which is injected to the subjects under the study. The research study aims at proving that indeed the new drug X can be used to suppress educational stress thus leading to anxiety reduction. The unique aspect of the study is that it projects the application of the use of antidepressants on students rather than health adults. Previous studies have dealt largely on fami ly people, patients, and workers. In contrast, this study specializes on undergraduate students of the ages between 21 and 25 years old. Another aspect worth of consideration is that it derives its foundation on the studies that have already been carried out, making the expected outcomes more reliable and dependable. The previous studies have been based on placebo and specific drug tests; however, this particular study applies the specific drug while the control group is not subjected to any form of drugs. Lastly, past researches have been carried in laboratories or hospitals but this one is carried on a classroom setting. The study offers an educational and psychological breakthrough in establishing the relationship that exists between examinations and perceived anxiety among students. It would be possible to use the results in future consultation for the purpose of averting stress among students. Method Participants The proposed research study intends to use human participants fro m the undergraduate psychology class population. A sample of 30 students would be enough for the study. The students will have special characteristics as they are supposed to be of between 21 and 25 years old. The students will be from the same year of study and the issue of race and color will be considered.Advertising We will write a custom proposal sample on The Effect of Drug X on Self-Reports of Anxiety in a Sample of Undergraduate Psychology Majors specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This would ensure that data from different demographical backgrounds and statuses is collected. They also need to have been studying very hard towards their examination. Out of the 30 students 15 will be male and 15 will be female. The students will voluntarily participate in the study and to get their attention, a notice will be placed in the psychology class notice board and the school website. It will also be passed on through Facebook and Twit ter as they are easy means of communication and interaction. The message will entail the expected benefits of the drug X one used. It is believed to reduce anxiety and stress among students. The drug X has been found fit by the national bureau of food stuffs and drugs. Supposing the participants respond rate is more than 100% or over 30, for example 60, then systematic sampling will be used. Their names will be arranged alphabetically before subjecting them to selection. The 60 subjects will be divided by 30 to get 2, where every second, fourth, sixth up to thirtieth subject is reached and recorded. The sequence will be followed, recording the subjects until a sample of 30 participants was reached at. Upon the approval of their consent and that of the institution to carry out the study, the subjects will be ready for the experimental study. No form of motivating the students to participate in study shall be applied as the study is purely voluntary. Lastly, all participants will be p rovided with an informed consent that must be completed in order to participate. Apparatus Based on the nature of the study, the research will require questionnaires, drug X, drug delivery mechanism, and examination papers. The applicability of these apparatus is discussed more in a precise and elaborate manner under the design and procedure. Design and Procedure Because of the requirements and the nature of the study, the researcher has deemed it necessary to make use of experiment study design. The study will be carried by a single researcher who is me using the theoretical framework and learning gained from the psychology class.Advertising Looking for proposal on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More However, research assistants will be used when the need be and where necessary. The proposed study involves two levels of independent variables. The two levels of independent variables that will be used include a control group where no drug tablets use and specific dose of drug X. The study will use two groups where one will be a control group (Group B) and the experimental group (Group A). To make the study simple and viable, the two groups will be divided on the basis of gender parity. For the control group, 8 females and 7 males will be used while 7 females and 8 males will be used in the experimental group. The study will be carried on the same time simultaneously. However the subjects will be placed in different rooms. Group A will be given the tablet of new drug X and placed in an examination room with a 10 minutes exam. The subjects can swallow or chew the drugs. However, in this case, the subjects will be required to chew the tablet to allow quick absorption in the blood mai nstream. They will be issued with issued with a test after a period of thirty minutes to ensure that the drug has been absorbed in the blood mainstream. They will be observed for any form of anxiousness so as to aid in supporting the collected information using the survey tools. After the exam they will be administered with a self report survey to measure the effects of the drugs on the participants’ anxiety and stress levels. The same procedure will simultaneously be carried on the control group (Group B) only that they will be not be given drug X. it should be noted that the experiments will be carried in the same time to avoid any participants interactions (from the two different groups). This would reduce the chances of having Hawthorne effect which subjects study to biasedness. Data collection To collect data under the self report survey, survey tools will be used. A well designed questionnaire will be distributed to each participant in the two research experimental grou ps. The questionnaires will have well structured questions that are not leading and ones that would require easy and simple answers. The reason why questionnaire will be used is because of its applicability in terms of efficiency and effectiveness, it is also cheap, reliable, and it collects data which can be used for in depth analysis. Surveys allow reliability and validity because of their standardized nature. The collected data will be compiled and responses that will be similar in either wording or implications will be grouped together. The grouped data and information will then labeled using digits that would be easily subjected to SPSS for analysis. The data and information was later evaluated. Data Analysis The survey data will undergo thorough analysis process. The raw data that has undergone weighting and labeling will be recorded and stored in a computer ready for analysis. Using different data analysis software, the data will undergo SPSS analysis. Descriptive statistics will be generated where the similarity in collected data will be found. The measurements of the data will be expressed as measures of variability and those of tendency. On the measures of central tendency, mode, mean, and median will be calculated in order to describe the data distribution. On the other hand, measures of variability will be subjected to standard deviation and variance calculation. This will determine the spread of the scores of the collected data on the certain behaviors under the study. Lastly, the final data will involve, hypothesis testing is conducted using inferential statistics. The hypothesis testing will determine whether the hypothesis is supported or nullified. It will be carried based on the different variables used in the study. This will form a basis from where discussion of the results and conclusion will be made. Reference List Aleksovski, G. (2009). Anxiety symptoms. Web. Ito, N., Nagai, T., Oikawa, T., Yamada, H., Hanawa, T. (2011). Antidepressant- like Effect of l-perillaldehyde in Stress-induced Depression-like Model Mice through Regulation of the Olfactory Nervous System. Web. Nauert, R. (2010). Some antidepressants work fast for anxiety. Web. National Institute of Mental Health. (n.d.). Depression and College Students What do these students have in common? Web. Putwain, D. (2005). Researching academic stress and anxiety in students: Some methodological considerations. British Educational Research Journal, 33(2), 207-219. This proposal on The Effect of Drug X on Self-Reports of Anxiety in a Sample of Undergraduate Psychology Majors was written and submitted by user Marcus U. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Free Essays on Oscar Romero

Oscar Romero was born on August 15, 1917 in Ciudad Barrios, a town east of El Salvador. He was the second of seven children. When he was thirteen he declared a vocation to the priesthood. He went to a seminary in San Miguel and from there Rome. He was ordained in 1942. In January 1944 he was recalled to San Miguel by his bishop and was soon secretary of the diocese. This position he held for twenty-three years. In San Miguel his work flourished and his reputation grew. He established a succession of new organizations and inspired many with his sermons, broadcasted by five local radio stations and heard across the city. Romero was impressed of the new Catholicism that was affirmed with such confidence in Vatican II. In 1970 he became auxiliary bishop of San Salvador, and there he busied himself with administration. In 1974 he became bishop of a rural diocese, Santiago de Maria. Three years later, in February 1977, Oscar Romero became archbishop of San Salvador. In that month a crowd o f protesters were attacked by soldiers in the town square of the capital. Then, on 12 March 1977, a radical priest, Rutilio Grande, was murdered. Romero had known him. Now he observed that there was no official inquiry. He recognized that power lay in the hands of violent men, and that they murdered with impunity. The wealthy sanctioned the violence that maintained them. Death squads committed murder in the cities while soldiers killed as they wished in the countryside. When a new government, which represented many powerful interests was elected it was seen to be by fraud. There was talk of revolution. More and more Romero committed himself to the poor and the persecuted, and he became the instigator for moral prophecy in the church and outside it. Meanwhile, his church began to document the abuse of human rights, and to establish the truth in a country governed by lies, where men and women simply disappeared without account. The press said, "The Church an... Free Essays on Oscar Romero Free Essays on Oscar Romero El Salvador during the 1970s and 1980s was a country filled with violence and oppression. One of the most vocal and influential people in El Salvador during that period was Archbishop Oscar Romero. Many have accused him of being communist, â€Å"left-winged†, or radical, but others have praised him by calling him a man who lived according to Christ’s example and one who died the death of a martyr (Berryman 176). Oscar Romero believed that each human being should have the rights to work, food, and freedom from oppression. Further, Romero believed that in order to truly follow the teachings of Christ, it was both the Catholic Church’s responsibility as a community of believers, and his own responsibility as a high-ranking church leader to preserve and defend the basic rights of all humans. During his life, and especially during his term as Archbishop, Romero believed that the poor people of El Salvador were being deprived of their fundamental rights, and he worked actively to end this injustice in his homeland through his words, actions, and ultimately through his assassination. Oscar Romero was born in a remote mountain village in Ciudad Barrios on August 15, 1917, and was the second of seven children (Berryman 160). His father worked at the local telegraph office and his family grew some crops (Berryman 160). Romero attended the major seminary in San Miguel, studied with the Jesuits at the National Seminary in San Salvador, and spent six years studying at the Gregorian Seminary in Rome, where he was ordained as a priest and given a degree in theology in 1942 (Forchà © 58). Romero returned to his own country to serve as priest in January 1944 (Berryman 161). The community where Romero served was rural and very poor, like most of El Salvador. After a few months the Bishop of San Miguel asked Romero to serve as the secretary of the diocese and Romero left the poor village behind, but it may have been during the short time that he s... Free Essays on Oscar Romero Oscar Romero was born on August 15, 1917 in Ciudad Barrios, a town east of El Salvador. He was the second of seven children. When he was thirteen he declared a vocation to the priesthood. He went to a seminary in San Miguel and from there Rome. He was ordained in 1942. In January 1944 he was recalled to San Miguel by his bishop and was soon secretary of the diocese. This position he held for twenty-three years. In San Miguel his work flourished and his reputation grew. He established a succession of new organizations and inspired many with his sermons, broadcasted by five local radio stations and heard across the city. Romero was impressed of the new Catholicism that was affirmed with such confidence in Vatican II. In 1970 he became auxiliary bishop of San Salvador, and there he busied himself with administration. In 1974 he became bishop of a rural diocese, Santiago de Maria. Three years later, in February 1977, Oscar Romero became archbishop of San Salvador. In that month a crowd o f protesters were attacked by soldiers in the town square of the capital. Then, on 12 March 1977, a radical priest, Rutilio Grande, was murdered. Romero had known him. Now he observed that there was no official inquiry. He recognized that power lay in the hands of violent men, and that they murdered with impunity. The wealthy sanctioned the violence that maintained them. Death squads committed murder in the cities while soldiers killed as they wished in the countryside. When a new government, which represented many powerful interests was elected it was seen to be by fraud. There was talk of revolution. More and more Romero committed himself to the poor and the persecuted, and he became the instigator for moral prophecy in the church and outside it. Meanwhile, his church began to document the abuse of human rights, and to establish the truth in a country governed by lies, where men and women simply disappeared without account. The press said, "The Church an...

HIST Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

HIST - Essay Example But, on the other hand, there are certain reservations associated with this idea of preserving the past. The concept of imagined west explains this second thought. According to Dr. Morley the way these places have been preserved embody some politics and Imaginations attached to it. First, these places have not been saved the way they originally were and there is a lot of imagination used to make these places alluring to the tourists as well as locales. She elaborates this idea further more that although these places are a replica of past, but there is a lot of imagination working behind flourishing it. Only those things have been saved and protected that would appeal people. Moreover, using imagination, many new things have been added for the dà ©cor of these places no matter they were part of the past or not. Here Judy Morley takes a firm stand that although such things are against ethics and do not fall in any terms of the morality still since it benefits many people, it is harmle ss in their eyes. There are many other ironical facts associated with this idea of preservation. Like in the protection and preservation of the Old Town Albuquerque, many Hispanics were dislocated although the place represents the past glory and grandeur of the Hispanics. Secondly, in the Larimer Square the actual past trait of the skid row has been put under the carpet only to attract more number of tourists and make it a more worth seeing place. Judy Morley basis her wide research on interviews from the local property owners, dealers and business men. She also studies deep the fields of urban development and tourism etc. Thus she reaches on the conclusion that such preservations have very deep impacts on the urban life and neighborhood along with the tourism sector. Talking about the Larimer Street in Denver, Morley eloquently describes how time has changed around this place without harming its very soul. This Street is known for its shopping and

The Effects of Globalization on the Future of Adult Learning Article

The Effects of Globalization on the Future of Adult Learning - Article Example As the world continues to shrink into a smaller global village and become more interconnected, education will continue to play its crucial role in the transition to the contemporary post modern global society. Although the practice of Adult education evolved in the United States, it has inevitably spread to the other parts of the world. For example globalization has enabled the US model of adult education as well as the educational philosophies to spread to the other parts of the world and consequently many institutions offering adult education in different regions have revised their strategies and policies regarding the practice of adult learning. Similarly the adult education curricula of most universities are now being redesigned to meet the demands and challenges of a globalized world rather than their respective countries. According to Merriam and Brockett (1997),â€Å"adult learning generally refers to educational practices which are designed to bring about learning and person al development to those belonging to adult social group in the society†( p.8).The practice of adult education is currently facing a number of challenges in the global society and globalization has not only increased pressure on the contemporary institutions of higher learning to conform to the global demands but has also increased employment opportunities to the global markets. With regard to the fact that most countries of the world are rapidly adopting free market economies, education is currently seen as one of the critical elements of achieving business success and national competitiveness particularly in the global labor markets (Boeren, 2011, p.376). Another important impact of globalization on the practice of adult education is attributed to the fact that globalization has resulted in various social injustices and consequently the future practice of adult education must take into account the ways through which these social injustices can be addressed. Many analysts also concur that some of the common ways through which globalization is affecting the current as well as the future practice of adult education includes increasing pressure for changing curricular of adult education, through labor and economic markets, elimination of various national languages from adult educational programs in various countries as well as through the increasing us of English language as the primary language of instruction. This paper critically analyze the potential effects of globalization on both the current and future of adult education with particular focus on how the practice of adult education in America has impacted on learning across the globe. How cultural and global issues are affecting the practice of adult education There are several cultural factors as well as global issues that have a significant impact on the current as well as the future practice of adult education. For example some of these cultural and global issues have resulted in the need to change the overall purpose of the practice of adult education itself. Whereas previously adult education was primarily designed to meet social objectives, globalization has shifted this purpose and adult education currently geared towards meeting the demands of a competitive global economy and sustainable development ( Gacel-Avila, 2005, p.122). Consequently this has forced educators to redesign their educational curricular to

Computer aided design package Essay Example for Free

Computer aided design package Essay A company called Engineering ? Us have employed me to find out the cost, benefits and the drawbacks of upgrading from their current method of hand made technical drawing to using an up-to-date Computer Aided Design (CAD) package. This company designs and constructs office furniture to order; because of this work only begins on an item once the exact details of the item have been calculated and have the clients approval. The current method which is used to gather the information that the designers need to make the drawings for the office is to send over a person to measure the location where the item or items of furniture will be located and how they will get the item into the building. After this has happened and the measurements have been given to the designers the designers will draw the blueprints by pen and paper. After they have drawn the design they will send the blueprint via one of the companys employees to the client for him/her to look at and decide if it is what they wanted. If the client decided they liked the design the blueprint would be sent down to the workshop where they would start construction of the design. If the client didnt like the blueprint that the designers had made Engineering ? Us would find out from the client what was incorrect with the blueprints, then the designers would redesign the blueprints with the clients inputs in mind. After this it is shown to the client again to see if it is to their liking. The reason the company is upgrading to a CAD based system from their hand drawn method is that up until now they have only had to make items on a smaller scale with a lot of time allowed for each project. Currently they allow the designer to make the drawings on the A0 paper taking their time which would take a few months, then have it sent to the manufacturing department to be constructed. Now they have managed to negotiate a contract with another company who will require Engineering ? Us to make the items faster, this means that they will need the technical drawings drawn faster so they can construct the items sooner. To allow this to happen they have decided to change from their current system to a computer based system using a CAD package appropriate to their needs. Engineering ? Us is a small company; they have one office and a workshop which are situated in separate places. The office block is where the items are designed and the workshop is where they are constructed using the designs from the office block. To transport the drawings from the office block to the workshop they walk over from the office block to the workshop with them, the reason they do this rather than any other method is that the two locations are very close together. Engineering ? Us has ten people working in the workshop where they are constructing the designs that are made and they have two designers drawing the blueprints in the office. There are also seven people who take blueprints out to clients to make sure that they like the drawing before Engineering ? Us constructs the design. These five people also take orders and measurements of the areas where the clients want the items to be placed and deliver the items to the client using a company van. The company has three supervisors, one is in charge of the technical drawing department, one is in charge of the workshop and one is in charge of the five people who communicate directly with the clients. One manager is in charge of all three of the supervisors and then the director of Engineering ? Us is above him. In total this brings the number of employees working for Engineering ? Us to twenty and two of these twenty employees will be using the system I am to justify. The company has recently won a new contract from a client and now has to construct a lot more furniture over a shorter period of time. For the company to meet these demands they have decided to upgrade their workshop to use a CAM machine that will speed up construction. The CAM machine has already been chosen by the company and the training plus everything else that is required for the CAM machine to operate. Engineering ? Us only require me to analysis the designing part of the company and make this more efficient to keep up with the new contract they have acquired. Engineering ? Us wants me to come up with a system that will run a CAD package that I justify for the company to use. This system will have to output a file format compatible with the CAM machine so that they integrate with each other easily. The contract will provide the company with i 60,000 at the end of the year once all of the items have been constructed and delivered to the client. This will be paid in instalments at the end of each month of i5,000. This contract will also be renewed with the client providing that Engineering ? Us can adequately provide the items they required within the allotted time frame. The system that I have been asked to come up with will have two users; these two users are currently working with Engineering ? Us and they will need to be trained in using the new system as they have not had any training or experience with any CAD application. They also need to have the capability to back up their drawings daily so that if something did happen to their hard drive they wouldnt have lost everything. They also want all three computers linked up to their own network separate to any others that the company already have. It also needs to be connected to the internet so they can download updates for their CAD package as updates become available over the internet. The company has given me a budget of i 15,000 to come up with a costing to make or to buy two PCs capable of running a CAD package that I justify and anything else that is needed to run this application. With this budget I will also need to buy an A0 plotter, two graphics tablets, networking equipment and training for the employees on using the CAD package. P2 The company currently has two computers in their office block; these computers are very old and are only used for word processing for administration tasks. The current specification of their computers is shown in the table below: Component Specification Processor Intel Pentium 166 MHz (Random Access Memory) RAM 30MB Optical drive CD-ROM x8 speed Hard drive 9GB Modem 56K The computers they currently have cant be upgraded to use any of the new CAD packages because everything in the current computers would all need to be replaced to make it compatible with any new CAD packages. This would effectively mean making a new computer rather than upgrading it, so just constructing a new computer would be a more cost effective way of proceeding. For that reason it would be better to keep these computers for administration purposes they are currently being used for, this would allow the company to still use them and not have to throw them away as they do their current task perfectly. DeltaCAD, MiniCAD, TurboCAD and AutoCAD are four different CAD packages that I have found that could do the job required by Engineering ? Us. The reason I have chosen these four is because the CAM machine in the workshop will only accept . DWG files for reading and if the CAD package didnt output . DWG files it would not be able to integrate with the CAM machine. These files must be contained on a floppy disk as the CAM machine has only a floppy drive input and then it will read the data from it and construct to the specified design. I have chosen to further investigate three separate CAD packages out of the ones listed above; these three are DeltaCAD, TurboCAD and AutoCAD. The reason I have decided to investigate these further is that DeltaCAD is the cheapest, TurboCAD is the mid range and AutoCAD is the most expensive out of the packages. Using these three will give me a wide band of different costs for the different CAD applications which will allow me to come up with cheap systems, mid ranged and expensive an system for the company. This will help me not only stick to the budget I have been allocated but may also save the company money depending on the over all costs of the CAD package that is used. After finding out more on DeltaCAD, TurboCAD and AutoCAD I have found out that the latest versions of these three CAD packages are DeltaCAD 5. 0, TurboCAD 10 and AutoCAD 2005. DeltaCAD is made by a company called Midnight Software, TurboCAD is made by a company called IMSI and AutoCAD is made by a company called Autodesk, both IMSI and AutoCAD sell other products that are like CAD, but they will not be suitable for the tasks that Engineering ? Us require of it. Upon further investigation I have discovered one problem with TurboCAD that DeltaCAD and AutoCAD dont have is that the CAM machine might not read the files it outputs perfectly. TurboCAD 10 outputs a different type of file but they state that this type of file is perfectly compatible with any CAM machine that reads . DWG files. Although they say this I think that from past experiences there could be problems from time to time with this type of file on Engineering ? Uss CAM machine, when these problems arise it will slow the construction process down. P3/M2 I will have to either buy a new PC from a store or make the computers myself; whichever approach is adopted the hardware that will have to be in the machine will be the same and is listed below: Motherboard which will support all other hardware required for the computer   Video card to output a display on the monitor for the user to see what they are doing   CD-ROM drive to install the software applications which will be needed for the task the company requires of it   Floppy Drive to move the . DWG files to the CAM machine in the workshop to construct the items, this can also be very useful for fixing a broken computer or to help analyse its fault   Case for all of the components that will make up the computer to go into. RAM for the computer to open up applications and to keep data that is being used at the present times Hard drive to install the software applications on and store the CAD files created   Keyboard for the users to enter in alphanumeric data and other characters   Mouse or other pointing device for the user to move the curser on the screen   Processor to be able to process all of the data that needs to be processed   Processor heat sink to take heat off of the processor and disperse it into the air. Fans to keep the components inside the computer cool enough to work correctly, e. g. processor fan, case fans and video card fan   DVD/CD reader rewriter drive to back up the drawings that they produce during the day   Monitor for the user to view what they are doing while using the computer Other hardware that will be needed that is not part of the computer and is not needed to get the computer working, but will be required by the company to enable it to do all the work required is the A0 plotter and graphics tablets. An A0 sized plotter will be used to print off the CAD drawings on A0 paper and used to show the blueprints to the clients, they then decide if they like it or not from these blueprints. The reason that they will need to be printed out on A0 size paper is because due to the size of the items they are designing and the amount of information that needs to be shown to the clients it can only be easily displayed on an A0 sized piece of paper. One advantage of the system for the plotters is that there would only need to be one cheap plotter that prints off the drawings in low quality.

Comparing Fahrenheit 451 and Brave New World :: comparison compare contrast essays

Comparing Fahrenheit 451 and Brave New World Ray Bradbury's book, Fahrenheit 451, is a futuristic look at a man and his role in society. Bradbury utilizes the luxuries of life in America today, in addition to various occupations and technological advances, to show what life could be like if the future takes a drastic turn for the worse. He turns man's best friend, the dog, against man, changes the role of public servants and changes the value of a person. Aldous Huxley also uses the concept, of society out of control, in his science fiction novel Brave New World, WHICH deals with man in a changed society. Huxley asks his readers to look at the role of science and literature in the future world, scared that it may be rendered useless and discarded. Unlike Bradbury, Huxley includes in his book a group of people unaffected by the changes in society, a group that still has religious beliefs and marriage, things no longer part of the changed society, to compare and contrast today's culture with his proposed futuristic culture.(THIS IS A RUN-ON WHICH NEEDS FIXING!) But one theme that both Brave New World and Fahrenheit 451 HAVE IN COMMON is of individual discovery BY refusing to accept a passive approach to life and refusing to conform. In addition, the refusal of various methods of escape from reality is shown AS a path to discovery. In Brave New World the main characters Bernard Marx and the "Savage" boy John come to realize the faults WITHIN their own cultures. In Fahrenheit 451, Guy Montag begins to discover things could be better in his society, but DUE to some uncontrollable events his discovery happens much faster than it would have. He is forced out on his own, away from society, to live with others like himself who think differently that the society does. Marx, from the civilized culture, seriously questions the lack of history that his society has. He also wonders as to the lack of books, banned because they were old and did not encourage the new culture. By visiting a reservation, home of an "uncivilized" culture of savages, he is able to see first hand something of what life and society use to be like. Afterwards he returns and attempts to incorporate some of what he saw into his work as an advertising agent.

Information Technology: Its Evolution, Advantages and Disadvantages

Main Topic: Information Technology: Its Evolution, Advantages and Disadvantages Creative Topic: So You Love IT: Where Has it Been? Where is it Going? Sub-topic: A Brief Examination of the Evolution of Information Technology, and Some Uses and Misuses. Today in society, people cannot conceive of a life without technology. Surrounding us are various technologies that are helping people to live their lives with more luxury.Technological advancements are not just limited to computers; there are many other fields in which it has made significant ground breaking developments such as from carts to cars, from constantly being pinned down by gravity to air travel and from being confined to the earth to travel among the stars. There are many significant persons throughout history that have made ground breaking discoveries such as Blaise Pascal, Charles Babbage and Herman Hollerith which in turn laid the foundation for modern IT professionals such as Bill Gate and Steve Jobs.Information Technol ogy (IT) involves more than just computer literacy; it also takes into account how computers work and how these computers can further be used not just for information processing but also for communications and problem solving tasks as well. Our world today has changed a great deal with the aid of Information Technology. Jobs that were once done manually have now become computerized, simply requiring a single click of a mouse to get a task completed versus years ago when everything was exceedingly more difficult.With the aid of IT we are not only able to streamline our business processes but we are also able to get constant information in ‘real time' that is up to the minute and up to date. The significance of IT can be seen from the fact that it has penetrated almost every aspect of our daily lives and the society, from business to leisure. Therefore in order to understand more deeply about IT it is important to inspect the evolution of technology and some of its uses and misu ses. 1. The Birth of IT goes back many centuries, from the development of mathematics, to electro-mechanical machines, to the first digital computer.A. The concept of mathematics was expressed in stone and wood cravings, a calculating machine then to an analytical engine. B. Electro-mechanical machines paved way for communication such as the telegraph, telephone and the Internet. C. Digital computer introduced computer programming, the use of transistor and integrated circuits. 2. The uses of computer have proven to be very beneficial in communication, Business and Education. D. Enhancements in communication have increased transition of data, bridged cultural gaps and brought about positive globalization. E.Computers have created jobs in the business industry and also have improved protection of vital information and have reduced productivity time. F. The use of IT has enhanced education, the ability to learn and access to learning materials. 3. The misuses of computer have been pro blematic in the communication, Business and Education sectors. G. The development of communication devices as brought about issues of privacy, technological addiction and cultural domination. H. Business enterprises have also caused some problems such as job elimination, security breaches and expensive implementation. I.The education sector is diminishing the overall learning process resulting in loss of skill, plagiarism and the poor remains poor. Today in society, people cannot conceive of a life without technology. Surrounding us are various technologies that are helping people to live their lives with more luxury. Technological advancements are not just limited to computers; there are many other fields in which it has made significant ground breaking developments such as from carts to cars, from constantly being pinned down by gravity to air travel and from being confined to the earth to travel among the stars.There are many significant persons throughout history that have made ground breaking discoveries such as Blaise Pascal, Charles Babbage and Herman Hollerith which in turn laid the foundation for modern IT professionals such as Bill Gate and Steve Jobs. Information Technology (IT) involves more than just computer literacy; it also takes into account how computers work and how these computers can further be used not just for information processing but also for communications and problem solving tasks as well.Our world today has changed a great deal with the aid of Information Technology. Jobs that were once done manually have now become computerized, simply requiring a single click of a mouse to get a task completed versus years ago when everything was exceedingly more difficult. With the aid of IT we are not only able to streamline our business processes but we are also able to get constant information in ‘real time' that is up to the minute and up to date.The significance of IT can be seen from the fact that it has penetrated almost every aspec t of our daily lives and the society, from business to leisure. Therefore in order to understand more deeply about IT, it is important to inspect the evolution of technology and some of its uses and misuses. The Birth of IT goes back many centuries, from the development of mathematics, to electro-mechanical machines, to the first digital computer. These ground breaking consecutive technological innovations made it possible to develop the glorious industry we have come to know has IT.Through the use of abstraction and logical reasoning, mathematics developed from counting, calculation, measurement, and the systematic study of the shapes and motions of physical objects(Insert Citation). The development of mathematics led to the development of tools to help in computation such as sticks, stones and various carvings, used in an almost futile attempt to record data and information. These objects were used because no other methods were available to efficiently follow and store a mathemati cal equation at the time.These were used for centuries until the wonderful use of paper came into being and until the marvellous abacus was invented which made performing tedious calculations a bit easier to trace and record. The abacus was a simple wooden box with beads strung along a wooden mid-bar to perform calculation (citation). Mathematics is used throughout the world as an essential tool in many fields, not just IT but also including the natural sciences, engineering, medicine, and the social sciences. Blaise Pascal took advantage of fundamental mathematical principles and developed n outstanding machine. Blaise Pascal was credited with building the first calculating machine in 17th century. He invented the first digital calculator as a means of helping his father perform tedious tax accounting (citation). He called his amazing device Pascal's calculator which had a metal wheel dial that was turned to the appropriate numbers and symbols to preform calculations; the answers a ppeared in boxes in the top of the calculator. This was one the first contributions to the field of IT and it has advanced to the calculators we have grown to know and love today.Pascal continued to make improvements to his machine and built fifty Pascaline machines in total. The first Pascaline machine could only handle 5-digit numbers, but later Pascal developed 6 digit and 8 digit versions of the Pascaline. This method of advancing current inventions in order to expand their capabilities is one of the key concepts of evolution. It was an extraordinary achievement which would lead to greater heights in the field of IT such as the Analytical Engine. In the 19th century, Charles Babbage, whom is considered the father of computing, designed the first â€Å"analytical engine. (citation) It was his idea of a mechanical digital computer which could perform basic input, processing, output and storage that all computers that followed are based on in today’s modern society. This ma chine had a mechanical computing â€Å"mill†(the processor) and used punch cards to store the numbers and processing requirements. Lady Augusta Ada Lovelace was a great supporter of Charles Babbage and she convinced him to use binary systems in his engines. Because she wrote some programs for Babbages’ engines, she is considered the first programmer (citation).His vision of a massive brass, steam-powered, general-purpose, mechanical computer inspired some of the great minds of the nineteenth century. Almost a century later, Charles’ ideas re-emerged with the development of electro-mechanical calculating machines such as the tabulating machine and devices used for telecommunication. Electro-mechanical machines paved way new and exciting way to communicate such as the telegraph, telephone and the internet. A telegraph is a machine which is used for transmitting messages in the form of electrical impulses which can be converted into data (citation).A message sent v ia telegraph is coded in a language called Morse code but the message itself is called a telegram or cablegram. Telegraph machines had to be connected through a series of wires in order to exchange messages. The operator would key a message in the Morse alphabet, and the receiving telegraph machine on the other side would register the message in the form of clicks, different click have different meanings w the messages were decoded. By listening to the pattern of clicks, the receiving operator could hear the message and transcribe it before passing it on to the recipient.Advancements were made to telegraphy which introduced wireless telegraphy. This enabled telegraph messages were transmitted over the radio waves which marked a drastic change in the system, allowing people to rapidly transmit messages in areas without troublesome telegraph cables. Wireless laid the groundwork for later methods of communication such as the telephone. In the 1870s, Alexander Graham Bell designed a dev ice that could transmit speech electrically (the telephone) (citation).The telegraph and telephone are both wire-based electrical systems, and Alexander Graham Bell's superb success with the telephone came as a direct result of his attempts to improve the telegraph which as we can see again that innovation is possible through evolution. The telegraph was basically limited to receiving and sending one message at a time consequently Bell sought to improve on the telegraph to â€Å"fix† this problem. His aim was to be able to transmit multiple messages back and forth across the same line which of course brought us the telephone.But advancements in communication did not stop there. Later on person’s discovered that these same telephone lines could be used to transmit and share data across devices thus the idea of an inter-connected network (the internet) was introduced. The Internet was the result various persons wanting to share information between computers. A man named Lawrence Roberts of MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology) connected a Massachusetts computer with a California computer in 1965 over dial-up telephone lines and he discovered hat computer could share information through telephone lines (citation). The idea was developed further and a series on inter-connected networks created what we know today as the World Wide Web. This idea was indeed useful when the first digital computer was made. The first electronic digital computer, ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer), was developed in 1946 however it was not very efficient due to poor programming and architecture thus it was necessary to improve on computer coding and develop better technology to run the software on (citation).A man named Von Neumann, a mathematics professor, developed the idea further. He added the idea of a stored computer program. This was a set of instructions stored in the memory of the computer, which the computer obeyed to complete the programm ed task (citation). From this stage, computers and computer programming evolved rapidly. The move from vacuum tubes to transistors significantly reduced the size and cost of the machines, and increased their reliability. Then came integrated circuit technology, which has reduced the size (and cost) of computers.In the 1960s, the typical computer was a transistor-based machine that cost half a million dollars, and needed a large, air-conditioned room and an on-site engineer. The same computer power now costs $2,000 and sits on a desk. As computers became smaller and cheaper, they also became faster–made possible by a single integrated circuit called a chip. The evolution of technology has proven to be very useful in various sectors of the world. IT is here to stay thus let us take advantage of it and explore it many benefits. The uses of computer have proven to be very beneficial in communication, Business and Education.Enhancements in communication have increased transition o f data, bridged cultural gaps and brought about positive globalization. Nowadays, people can get hot news from any parts of the world very quickly by using E-mail and Internet. Moreover, telephone-local or/and overseas is playing a key role for people to communicate to with each other. Our means of communication has greatly improved in the dawn of the modern technology. We now have so many hi-tech gadgets that we use for everyday to communicating with people from all over the world.We can now communicate with anyone around the globe by simply text messaging them or sending them an email for an almost instantaneous response. The telephone is a very helpful mean tool for us to talk with people from remote places, then came out the cellular phones, which we can take with us wherever we go. Now, we are given the privilege to use computers and the internet that has such a wide variety of easy communication offers. Transmission of data has become so easy compared to back in the day. With the help of information technology, communication has also become cheaper, quicker, and more efficient.The internet has also opened up face to face direct communication from different parts of the world thanks to the helps of video conferencing. It is one of the reasons why we should be thankful for technology. This ability to communicate with people worldwide has opened our eyes to various other cultures. Information technology has helped to bridge the cultural gap by helping people from different cultures to communicate with one another, and allow for the exchange of views and ideas, thus increasing awareness and reducing prejudice.In a world where there is tension between different racial groups especially in a case where these groups cannot communicate so resolve their differences, it can be a BIG problem for the tourism sector and inter-racial relationship between countries. Advancements in communication have allowed us bridge cultural barriers and rectify our differences. Cult ural unison is very important in developing the world and globalization can be seen a good thing. IT has not only brought the world closer together, but it has allowed the world's economy to become a single interdependent system.This means that we can not only share information quickly and efficiently, but we can also bring down barriers of linguistic and geographic boundaries. The world has developed into a global village due to the help of IT allowing countries like Chile and Japan who are not only separated by distance but also by language to shares ideas and information with each other. IT has not only proved beneficial in method communications but also to the business industry. Computers have created jobs in the business industry and also have improved protection of vital information and have reduced productivity time.Probably the best advantage of information technology is the creation of new and interesting jobs. Computer programmers, Systems analyzers, Hardware and Software developers and Web designers are just some of the many new employment opportunities created with the help of IT. Job creation is just of the aspects that IT has benefited people, securing data is another. IT creates electronic storage systems to protect a company's valuable records. According to the Graziadio Business Report, published by Pepperdine University, secure maintenance of customer and patient files is vital to business integrity.Storage systems, such as virtual vaults, keep information safe by only allowing certain users within your company to access, withdraw, add or change the documents. According to an article in Science Daily, IT security engineering systems protect your electronic information from being hacked, or wiped out during a technological disaster. Electronic security engineering means your valuable records will remain untouchable. Production has also been increased. Now, we can create materials in just minutes with multiple copies of those productions at a t ime.Before persons had to make products manually which sometime took days and weeks which cuts into the companies’ profit and often time this would result in worker’s pay getting slashed in an attempt to keep the business running. This is what the modern machines contribute to our society. The benefits IT has allow aid teachers and students in the educational sector. The use of IT has enhanced education, the ability to learn and access to learning materials. Technology has revolutionized the classroom and the learning experience as a whole.The technology available today has made a wealth of knowledge available to students, which offers great potential for the speed and style of learning. Information is presented in so many ways that any type learner, whether gifted or disabled, can find and use the necessary material. This fact relates not only to the Internet, but to all the many technological improvements in learning, from smart boards to handheld dictionaries. Stude nts at Northern Caribbean University are able to finish 6 months courses in 4 months which is an improvement compared to the time students normally take to learn certain concepts.Some students have become resent the learning process as a whole and the simple reason is because it is just â€Å"not their style†. Since the dawn of technological age pass method of teaching have become boring to students. Pass methods have become stale and it was just not the kind of setting that some students were able to learn in. With the introduction of new methods of teaching and with the â€Å"old† method still present students ability to learn as improve because they can be in a setting that pleases them and makes them comfortable thus learning is easier.Most persons now have access to various learning materials, access to this information is just a click away thus education is now a wide spread privilege. The information on the Internet is there for all who have access, without disc rimination. People of all social strata are able to use technological advances, which is a fairly new academic development. The advantages to IT are numerous however; modern technology doesn't automatically bring the good things but some bad points. The misuses of computer have been problematic in the communication, Business and Education sectors.The development of communication devices as brought about issues of privacy, technological addiction and cultural domination. Too many people can communicate with us all at the same time. It can create opportunities for fraudulent scams and dangerous spamming in a lot of ways. Though IT may have made communication quicker, easier and more convenient, it has also bought along privacy issues. From cell phone signal interceptions to email hacking, people are now worried about their once private information becoming public knowledge.Often times persons receive emails from what seems to be their well trusted banking company which prompts them to verify their bank account number an password after which they later find out that their account was completely drained of all funds. The youth has also been very much addicted to gadgets and they spend too much time with it which results in delinquency in school work, outdoor social activities and also they start to neglect chores and personal hygiene. Try asking a child playing with a PSP to do his homework and more than likely his reply will be â€Å"just one more game†.Try asking that child to get some fresh air and more than likely his reply will be â€Å"I prefer to stay inside use chat on Facebook†. Another disadvantage is that is causes cultural domination. While IT may have made the world a global village, it has also contributed to one culture dominating weaker one. For example it is now argued that US influences have caused most young teenagers all over the world now act, dress and behave like those of the US which results in personality issues because the c hild does not take the time to figure out what he/her is interested in.Instead they imitate and not only adapt a culture’s â€Å"good† standing but also their bad behaviour. These disadvantages extend into the business sector as well. Business enterprises have also caused some problems such as job elimination, security breaches and expensive implementation. While information technology may have streamlined the business process it has also crated job redundancies, downsizing and outsourcing. This means that a lot of lower and middle level jobs have been done away with causing more people to become unemployed. Implementing IT into business operations can save a great deal of time during the completion of daily tasks.Paperwork is processed immediately, and financial transactions are automatically calculated. Although businesses may view this expediency as a boon, there are untoward effects to such levels of automation. As technology improves, tasks that were formerly perf ormed by human employees are now carried out by computer systems. For example, automated telephone answering systems have replaced live receptionists in many organizations. This leads to the elimination of jobs and, in some cases, alienation of clients. Unemployed specialists and once-loyal employees may have difficulty securing future employment.Data security has also become an issue. The ability to store information in an electronic database facilitates quicker, more efficient communication. In the past, an individual would sift through stacks of paper records to retrieve data. With properly implemented technology, information can be recovered at the touch of a button. Although information technology systems allow business to be conducted at a faster pace, they are not without their flaws. Information technology systems are vulnerable to security breaches, particularly when they are accessible via the Internet.If appropriate measures are not in place, unauthorized individuals may access confidential data. Information may be altered, permanently destroyed or used for unsavoury purposes. In order to keep a business â€Å"up to date† lots money has to be spent to implement new technology. Every business must consider start-up costs when implementing any type of information technology system. In addition to the cost of hardware and software, some technology vendors require businesses to purchase user licenses for each employee that will be operating the system. Businesses must examine the cost of training employees in unfamiliar technology.Although basic information technology systems may be user friendly, advanced programs still require formal instruction by an expert consultant. In addition to the start-up expenses, information technology systems are expensive to maintain. Systems malfunction, and when they do, businesses must engage skilled technicians to troubleshoot and make the necessary repairs. These expenses present a major disadvantage of inform ation technology in business, particularly to businesses that are entering the technology era for the first time. The education sector has also suffered at the hand of technology.The education sector is diminishing the overall learning process resulting in loss of skill, plagiarism and the poor remains poor. With this increased access to knowledge also comes a probable loss of communication skills and interactive abilities between students and teacher, and students to peers. These skills are not as necessary in a classroom of computers, where individuality is a component of learning and is encouraged. Aside from learning, conflict resolution and socialization used to be two prominent reasons children came to school. The emphasis now has shifted away from these areas.

E-Health Program And Solving Of The Health Problems Free Essay Example, 1500 words

The purpose of this paper is to study the reasons in detail, analyze these reasons, identify the key knowledge areas, describe their relation to success, and prioritize these knowledge areas based on their effectiveness. Project integration management involves the processes and activities needed to identify, define, unify, and communicate the project processes and project management activities. Activities of project management which can be directly related to integration management include unification, consolidation, ratification and integrative actions. These actions are quite crucial to project success and completion within the right framework (Boddy Boonstra, 2005). The e-Health program had a vast scope and there was a huge degree of complexity. The program had to be carried out on a national level and the targets of the new strategy included standardization. The achievement of such kind of targets on a national scale requires the accurate and timely use of integration managemen t. A lot of stakeholders involved in the program, mainly the practitioners, the service providers and the authority departments. The scope and autonomy of each department were interrelated, and this meant that the boundaries of responsibility and authority had to be clearly defined. We will write a custom essay sample on E-Health Program And Solving Of The Health Problems or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now Moreover, proper communication channels were vital to the success of the project. Coordination of objectives, responsibilities, and resources had to be carried out on a huge scale. All these required dimensions fall within the scope of Project Integration Management. The first step of a project is to define its objectives. The objective of a project then determines the resources, processes, and figures involved in the project. The inputs and outputs of a project have to be determined in detail and all the needed processes to reach the outputs are outlined. The project scope sometimes evolves along with the project as the feasibility and requirements change from time to time.